Pricing A Business For Sale - Key Factors All Play A Role!

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Pricing A Business For Sale

Correctly Pricing A Business Is Important If You Really Want To Sell It!

As a consultant I talk to many California business buyers, business owners, certified business brokers, and agents on a daily basis about valuing California small businesses. It always amazes me on how some of these individuals come up with the values on small businesses being sold. No wonder only 30% of all California small businesses sell!

In many instances no consideration is given to the total picture - like will the available cash flow of the business be able to pay the debt of a loan, will the deal as structured or priced even be attractive to financing sources, "cash" price vs. "note" price and how these factors figure into the equation!

I have seen many "professional valuations" where the price just doesn't make sense and sellers wonder why their California business for sale just sits there with no action!

Market Approach

There is a solution that is grounded in the fundamentals of economics, and time tested in the marketplace, where the influences of supply and demand ultimately determine where a business belongs on the price scale. One economist explains this market approach by comparing a business to a machine which has the purpose of making money: The more money it makes, the more it's worth. And that explains why, for example, there is a strong demand for a very profitable distribution business with few hard assets; and why it is worth more in the marketplace of available businesses, than a large machine shop that would cost nearly $1 million to duplicate, but can't make a living for its owner.

Adjusted Net Income

The first category of information needed is called adjusted net income, and is the total amount of cash produced by the money machine. It's a figure that includes the profits, the owner's salary and all of the many cash-related benefits which are enjoyed by the principals of small businesses. Those benefits can include the use of a company car, the company-paid premiums for health, life and auto insurance, plus personal expenditures tucked into travel and entertainment, subscriptions and similar business expense categories. Interest expense should be added to adjusted net income, along with accounting entries "such as depreciation and amortization" that can divert money to the owner's pocket so that it never appears on the bottom line of the P&L.

While some of these items vary from business to business, any owner knows which categories of expenses in his or her financial records include sums of money that should be added to adjusted net income. Many business owners also know of cash income that never sees the business records in any way, shape or form. Some owners feel they should get credit for these sums in the calculation of value. But it's a poor policy to collect unreported income and then attempt to have it included in adjusted net income for evaluation purposes.

When selling, your buyer prospects want any statements you make about your business to be supported by evidence in the form of accounting records and other reliable sources. To admit that you are doing business "off the books" not only exposes you to problems with the IRS, it also sets a bad tone with prospects who if they are going to be interested in your business - need to believe your practices and record keeping are above reproach.

Adjusted net income is usually the first thing any buyer wants to know about when investigating a business; and not just the past few months' worth of income. A seller should be prepared to demonstrate a history of earnings, and have the documentation to back it up.

Multiplier Method

The next piece of the equation comes from the expectations working in the marketplace to shape the multiplier a figure which will be computed, along with the cash flow, to calculate a rough value. The validity of the multiple is that it reflects behavior in the market. There is no need to theorize about a proper multiplier. It's calculated by determining what people actually pay for small businesses in California.

About: Peter Siegel, MBA is the Founder & Senior Advisor (ProBuy & ProSell Programs) at BizBen.com (established 1994, 8,000+ California businesses for sale, 500 new & refreshed postings/posts daily) assists business buyers, small business owners/sellers, business brokers, agents, & investors). Phone him at 866-270-6278 to discuss buying, selling, (or financing a puchase of) California businesses.

Categories: BizBen Blog Contributor, Business Valuation Issues, Deal And Escrow Issues, How To Buy A Business, How To Sell A Business

Comments Regarding This Blog Post

Contributor: Joe Ranieri, Business Broker: LA, Orange County Areas

Many new agents can "work the streets" and find new listings, but it takes time as a business broker to know how to price a business. After doing this job for so long, business brokers may develop a sixth sense of what the market will bear, but there are many factors that can ultimately determine a selling price. One of the factors I see, especially in the restaurant business, is rent. Many novice owners are intimidated by high rent, even if the monthly gross sales are high. I've found that once a rent goes north of around $5,500-$6,000, many novice buyers become uncomfortable. The higher the rent, the more experienced buyers I sometimes see, because they understand the costs associated with running a high grossing business.

Contributor: Business Appraisals, Valuations Advisor

Don't forget about my blended method which provides the most accurate appraisal.

There are a number of traditional accounting methods used to calculate business worth. None of these methods individually addresses all of the items that create value. One method looks at assets/liabilities while another will look at cash flow or market comps, each separately. It is not uncommon to see five different methods used for an appraisal, each being weighted or one being picked as the proper method with out any logical or statistical justification.

During my 23 years as a Business Broker and president of Business Appraisals I found that blending three of these different methods into one appraisal method captures all elements of a business that have value.

First I look at the P&L statement and cash flow. Adjustments are made in the form of add backs which, depending on the purpose of the appraisal reflect the cash flow of the business before discretionary spending of the owner/owners. A multiple that is statistically based on 25 years of business sales and appraisals is used to determine the cash flow value of the business.

Second I look at the Balance Sheet and the net worth (asset/liabilities). Again, adjustments are made based on the purpose of the appraisal. Book value is adjusted to reflect market value for equipment and real estate.

The third part of this appraisal process look at market conditions that reflect value, such as sales growth or decline, customer percentage of gross sales, profit margins and other market influenced items as needed.

All of this is then presented in a concise logical form with a description for each step in the process, giving the user a clear, understandable, accurate and affordable business appraisal.

Contributor: Timothy Cunha JD: Business Broker, SF Bay Area

I have seen countless "business appraisals," "market valuations," "competitive market analyses," and similar sophisticated-sounding documents that purport to tell definitively what a business will sell for, prepared by someone with loads of letters after his name, except for the all-important C.S. -- "common sense." Often these are prepared by people who apply all kinds of fancy formulas but who have no practical experience in owning or selling a business.... and the resulting document has no relation to reality.

The methods Peter Siegel describes all make sense because they reflect real world conditions and realistic expectations of what value the business will have to a new owner; but, they are especially accurate when they are tempered by and filtered through the experience and common sense of a trusted business sales professional.

Helpful Resources To Assist In Selling And Buying California Businesses

Manjit Singh: SF Bay Area - Business Intermediary

Assistance in the San Francisco Bay Area. Contact me about buying or selling a restaurant, liquor store, gas stations, markets, and c-store businesses. If you are looking to buy or sell a SF Bay Area liquor store, market, c-store, restaurant, etc phone me direct at 510-417-9429.

Michael Floorman, Business Broker, BTI, San Francisco Bay Area

Business Team, San Jose (Campbell) located in the Pruneyard Towers at Bascom and Hamilton. Established in 1981 Business Team with over 6600 sales to date has 1000 business listings to choose from, paid Google advertising. We offer highly trained and experienced professionals.

Jeff Back, Broker: Restaurant Specialist - SF Bay Area

J. Back & Associates Restaurant Real Estate was founded in 1988 as the first bay area real estate company to specialize exclusively in restaurant real estate. I am the past President of Charley Browns restaurants and have been involved in the restaurant business for over 35 years. 925-736-8200.

Prabhjot Randhawa, Broker: SF Bay Area, Northern Central Valley

I'm a Business Advisor at Liberty Business Advisors of San Fransisco. I have over 20 years of experience in all phases of entrepreneurship. During the past 15 years my concentration has been in business of mergers and consulting. I have owned and operated over 10 businesses.

Rob Hartman: Business Broker, SF Bay Area

Business brokerage services in the SF Bay Area. I bring skill, integrity and energy to all of my clients and our projects. I'm accustomed to working with a wide variety of clients and their businesses; large or small, simple or highly complex. Get a free consultation by phoning 650-279-3097.

Mani Singh, Business Broker, Inland Empire

I have successfully represented clients sell & acquire multitude of businesses ranging from Gas Stations, Liquor Stores, Markets, Super Markets, Smoke Shops, Postal Stores, Restaurants, General Retail, Auto and Construction related. Phone me for assistance with selling or buying at 951-296-7646 Cell

Ralph Santos, Business Broker Specialist - Health Care Related Businesses

Using my MBA and my perseverance I will make things happen! I provide business brokerage niche services specializing in the hospice and home health care agency industry in the Los Angeles County or Ventura County areas. For either buying or selling assistance please phone or email me today.

Rick Carlson, Business Broker - Southern California

You Will Never Feel Lost In The Shuffle. Many Brokers Simply Send Out An NDA And That's The End Of Communication. All Buyers Receive A Personal Meeting With An Ace Acquisition Specialist So They Can Recommend The Perfect Business For You. Phone Rick direct at 800-985-4939.

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Pricing A Business For Sale - Key Factors All Play A Role!

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